{"cve":{"cve_id":"CVE-2025-62593","is_kev":true,"kev_date_added":"2026-08-17","kev_vendor_project":"Ray-Project","kev_product":"Ray","kev_vulnerability_name":"Ray-Project Ray Code Injection Vulnerability","kev_short_description":"Ray-Project Ray contains a code injection vulnerability that could allow remote code execution. Developers using Ray as a development tool may be exposed to this vulnerability exploitable through Firefox and Safari.","kev_required_action":"Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset's internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.","kev_due_date":"2026-08-20","kev_known_ransomware":false,"kev_notes":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v ; https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09 ; BOD 26-04: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk ; Forensics Triage Requirements: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-implementation-guidance-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62593","kev_cwes":["CWE-94","CWE-352"],"epss_score":0.16888,"epss_percentile":0.96815,"epss_as_of":"2026-08-26","description":"Ray is an AI compute engine. Prior to version 2.52.0, developers working with Ray as a development tool can be exploited via a critical RCE vulnerability exploitable via Firefox and Safari. This vulnerability is due to an insufficient guard against browser-based attacks, as the current defense uses the User-Agent header starting with the string \"Mozilla\" as a defense mechanism. This defense is insufficient as the fetch specification allows the User-Agent header to be modified. Combined with a DNS rebinding attack against the browser, and this vulnerability is exploitable against a developer running Ray who inadvertently visits a malicious website, or is served a malicious advertisement (malvertising). This issue has been patched in version 2.52.0.","published_at":"2025-11-26T22:28:28.577000Z","last_modified_at":"2026-08-18T04:16:40.860000Z","cvss_v3_score":8.8,"cvss_v3_vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","cvss_v3_severity":"HIGH","cvss_v4_score":9.4,"cvss_v4_vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H","cvss_v4_severity":"CRITICAL","ssvc_decision":null,"ssvc_exploitation":"active","ssvc_automatable":false,"ssvc_technical_impact":"total","cwes":["CWE-94","CWE-352"],"nvd_references":["https://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v","https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09"],"vuln_status":"Analyzed","trending_score":null,"is_trending":false,"has_trended":false,"trended_number_one":false,"trending_peak_score":null,"trending_peak_rank":null,"started_trending_at":null,"trended_number_one_at":null,"summary_generated":null,"summary_generated_at":null,"summary_model":null,"created_at":"2026-06-24T00:09:39.878444Z","updated_at":"2026-08-19T16:41:57.515079Z"},"effective_severity":"CRITICAL","badges":["kev"],"impact_analysis":[],"cvss_v3_decoded":{"version":"3.1","metrics":[{"metric":"AV","name":"Attack Vector","value":"N","value_label":"Network"},{"metric":"AC","name":"Attack Complexity","value":"L","value_label":"Low"},{"metric":"PR","name":"Privileges Required","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"UI","name":"User Interaction","value":"R","value_label":"Required"},{"metric":"S","name":"Scope","value":"U","value_label":"Unchanged"},{"metric":"C","name":"Confidentiality","value":"H","value_label":"High"},{"metric":"I","name":"Integrity","value":"H","value_label":"High"},{"metric":"A","name":"Availability","value":"H","value_label":"High"}]},"cvss_v4_decoded":{"version":"4.0","metrics":[{"metric":"AV","name":"Attack Vector","value":"N","value_label":"Network"},{"metric":"AC","name":"Attack Complexity","value":"L","value_label":"Low"},{"metric":"AT","name":"Attack Requirements","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"PR","name":"Privileges Required","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"UI","name":"User Interaction","value":"P","value_label":"Passive"},{"metric":"VC","name":"Confidentiality (Vulnerable System)","value":"H","value_label":"High"},{"metric":"VI","name":"Integrity (Vulnerable System)","value":"H","value_label":"High"},{"metric":"VA","name":"Availability (Vulnerable System)","value":"H","value_label":"High"},{"metric":"SC","name":"Confidentiality (Subsequent System)","value":"H","value_label":"High"},{"metric":"SI","name":"Integrity (Subsequent System)","value":"H","value_label":"High"},{"metric":"SA","name":"Availability (Subsequent System)","value":"H","value_label":"High"}]},"affected":[{"vendor_slug":"anyscale","vendor_name":"anyscale","product_slug":"ray","product_name":"ray","version_start":null,"version_start_inclusive":null,"version_end":"2.52.0","version_end_inclusive":false,"cpe23_uri":"cpe:2.3:a:anyscale:ray:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"},{"vendor_slug":"ray-project","vendor_name":"ray-project","product_slug":"ray","product_name":"ray","version_start":"< 2.52.0","version_start_inclusive":true,"version_end":"< 2.52.0","version_end_inclusive":true,"cpe23_uri":"cve5:ray-project:ray:< 2.52.0:< 2.52.0"}],"exploit_refs":[],"news":[],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v","source_type":"VENDOR_ADVISORY","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09","source_type":"PATCH","tags":["patch"]}],"timeline":[{"type":"published","at":"2025-11-26T22:28:28.577000Z","label":"CVE published","source":null},{"type":"cvss_changed","at":"2026-06-28T17:48:46.883421Z","label":"CVSS score revised","source":"cvelistv5"},{"type":"cvss_changed","at":"2026-06-28T17:48:46.883421Z","label":"CVSS score revised","source":"cvelistv5"},{"type":"cvss_changed","at":"2026-06-28T17:48:46.883421Z","label":"CVSS score revised","source":"cvelistv5"},{"type":"ssvc_changed","at":"2026-06-29T23:46:59.033383Z","label":"SSVC decision revised","source":"vulnrichment"},{"type":"ssvc_changed","at":"2026-06-29T23:46:59.033383Z","label":"SSVC decision revised","source":"vulnrichment"},{"type":"ssvc_changed","at":"2026-06-29T23:46:59.033383Z","label":"SSVC decision revised","source":"vulnrichment"},{"type":"cisa_reported","at":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","label":"Added to CISA KEV catalog","source":"kev"},{"type":"ssvc_changed","at":"2026-08-17T15:40:44.493621Z","label":"SSVC decision revised","source":"vulnrichment"},{"type":"cvss_changed","at":"2026-08-17T18:39:14.498842Z","label":"CVSS score revised","source":"nvd"},{"type":"cvss_changed","at":"2026-08-17T18:39:14.498842Z","label":"CVSS score revised","source":"nvd"},{"type":"cvss_changed","at":"2026-08-17T18:39:14.498842Z","label":"CVSS score revised","source":"nvd"}]}