{"cve":{"cve_id":"CVE-2025-64526","is_kev":false,"kev_date_added":null,"kev_vendor_project":null,"kev_product":null,"kev_vulnerability_name":null,"kev_short_description":null,"kev_required_action":null,"kev_due_date":null,"kev_known_ransomware":null,"kev_notes":null,"kev_cwes":null,"epss_score":0.00492,"epss_percentile":0.40849,"epss_as_of":"2026-10-15","description":"Strapi is an open source headless content management system. In Strapi versions prior to 5.45.0, the rate-limit middleware in the users-permissions plugin derived its rate-limit key in part from `ctx.request.body.email`, including on routes whose body schema does not contain an `email` field (`/auth/local`, `/auth/reset-password`, `/auth/change-password`). An unauthenticated attacker could include an arbitrary `email` value in the request body to obtain a fresh rate-limit key per request, effectively bypassing per-IP throttling on those routes and enabling high-volume credential brute-force, password-reset code brute-force, and credential-stuffing attempts. The rate-limit key was constructed as `${userIdentifier}:${requestPath}:${ctx.request.ip}`, where `userIdentifier = ctx.request.body.email`. On routes that legitimately use email as their identifier (e.g. `/auth/forgot-password`, `/auth/local/register`), this scoping is correct. On routes that use a different identifier (`identifier` for login, `code` for password reset, `currentPassword` for password change), the email field was not part of the route contract, but the middleware still incorporated it into the key, allowing a caller to rotate the value and obtain a unique key on every request. The patch in version 5.45.0 maintains an allow-list of routes that legitimately key on the email field and excludes that key component on every other route the middleware is mounted on. OAuth callback paths (`/connect/*`) are treated identifier-less. On routes outside the allow-list, the middleware now falls back to a fixed identifier-less key, ensuring per-IP throttling remains effective even when the request body is attacker-controlled.","published_at":"2026-05-14T18:32:01.998000Z","last_modified_at":"2026-10-14T13:10:00.187000Z","cvss_v3_score":5.3,"cvss_v3_vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","cvss_v3_severity":"MEDIUM","cvss_v4_score":6.9,"cvss_v4_vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","cvss_v4_severity":"MEDIUM","ssvc_decision":null,"ssvc_exploitation":"none","ssvc_automatable":true,"ssvc_technical_impact":"total","cwes":["CWE-307"],"nvd_references":["https://github.com/strapi/strapi/security/advisories/GHSA-7mqx-wwh4-f9fw","https://github.com/strapi/strapi/pull/24818","https://github.com/strapi/strapi/commit/5e0d243cba9830e6f791de6a94798bcde51468db","https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases/tag/v5.45.0"],"vuln_status":"Analyzed","trending_score":null,"is_trending":false,"has_trended":false,"trended_number_one":false,"trending_peak_score":null,"trending_peak_rank":null,"started_trending_at":null,"trended_number_one_at":null,"summary_generated":null,"summary_generated_at":null,"summary_model":null,"created_at":"2026-06-24T00:09:39.878444Z","updated_at":"2026-10-15T05:05:32.342935Z"},"effective_severity":"MEDIUM","badges":[],"impact_analysis":[],"cvss_v3_decoded":{"version":"3.1","metrics":[{"metric":"AV","name":"Attack Vector","value":"N","value_label":"Network"},{"metric":"AC","name":"Attack Complexity","value":"L","value_label":"Low"},{"metric":"PR","name":"Privileges Required","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"UI","name":"User Interaction","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"S","name":"Scope","value":"U","value_label":"Unchanged"},{"metric":"C","name":"Confidentiality","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"I","name":"Integrity","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"A","name":"Availability","value":"L","value_label":"Low"}]},"cvss_v4_decoded":{"version":"4.0","metrics":[{"metric":"AV","name":"Attack Vector","value":"N","value_label":"Network"},{"metric":"AC","name":"Attack Complexity","value":"L","value_label":"Low"},{"metric":"AT","name":"Attack Requirements","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"PR","name":"Privileges Required","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"UI","name":"User Interaction","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"VC","name":"Confidentiality (Vulnerable System)","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"VI","name":"Integrity (Vulnerable System)","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"VA","name":"Availability (Vulnerable System)","value":"L","value_label":"Low"},{"metric":"SC","name":"Confidentiality (Subsequent System)","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"SI","name":"Integrity (Subsequent System)","value":"N","value_label":"None"},{"metric":"SA","name":"Availability (Subsequent System)","value":"N","value_label":"None"}]},"affected":[{"vendor_slug":"strapi","vendor_name":"strapi","product_slug":"strapi","product_name":"strapi","version_start":"< 5.45.0","version_start_inclusive":true,"version_end":"< 5.45.0","version_end_inclusive":true,"cpe23_uri":"cve5:strapi:strapi:< 5.45.0:< 5.45.0"},{"vendor_slug":"strapi","vendor_name":"strapi","product_slug":"strapi","product_name":"strapi","version_start":null,"version_start_inclusive":null,"version_end":"5.45.0","version_end_inclusive":false,"cpe23_uri":"cpe:2.3:a:strapi:strapi:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"},{"vendor_slug":"strapi","vendor_name":"strapi","product_slug":"strapi-plugin-users-permissions","product_name":"@strapi/plugin-users-permissions","version_start":"< 5.45.0","version_start_inclusive":true,"version_end":"< 5.45.0","version_end_inclusive":true,"cpe23_uri":"cve5:strapi:strapi-plugin-users-permissions:< 5.45.0:< 5.45.0"}],"exploit_refs":[],"news":[],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/strapi/strapi/security/advisories/GHSA-7mqx-wwh4-f9fw","source_type":"VENDOR_ADVISORY","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/strapi/strapi/pull/24818","source_type":"PATCH","tags":["patch"]},{"url":"https://github.com/strapi/strapi/commit/5e0d243cba9830e6f791de6a94798bcde51468db","source_type":"PATCH","tags":["patch"]},{"url":"https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases/tag/v5.45.0","source_type":"PATCH","tags":["patch"]}],"timeline":[{"type":"published","at":"2026-05-14T18:32:01.998000Z","label":"CVE published","source":null},{"type":"cvss_changed","at":"2026-06-28T17:48:56.386827Z","label":"CVSS score revised","source":"cvelistv5"},{"type":"cvss_changed","at":"2026-06-28T17:48:56.386827Z","label":"CVSS score revised","source":"cvelistv5"},{"type":"cvss_changed","at":"2026-06-28T17:48:56.386827Z","label":"CVSS score revised","source":"cvelistv5"},{"type":"ssvc_changed","at":"2026-06-29T23:46:59.033383Z","label":"SSVC decision revised","source":"vulnrichment"},{"type":"ssvc_changed","at":"2026-06-29T23:46:59.033383Z","label":"SSVC decision revised","source":"vulnrichment"},{"type":"ssvc_changed","at":"2026-06-29T23:46:59.033383Z","label":"SSVC decision revised","source":"vulnrichment"},{"type":"cvss_changed","at":"2026-10-15T05:05:32.342935Z","label":"CVSS score revised","source":"nvd"},{"type":"cvss_changed","at":"2026-10-15T05:05:32.342935Z","label":"CVSS score revised","source":"nvd"},{"type":"cvss_changed","at":"2026-10-15T05:05:32.342935Z","label":"CVSS score revised","source":"nvd"}]}